Introduction

To communicate, to share thoughts, or to share ideas, one must use any medium or vocabulary to do so. Language has always been a tool or medium of communication for sharing thoughts. Talking broadly, every country has its own medium of communication (language). In Pakistan, the national language is Urdu. Besides Urdu, many local languages are spoken in Pakistan.

Every specific area uses its own dialect of standard language to communicate. For example, the Peshawari people are using Peshawari dialect (the Yousafzai dialect is considered as standard for Pashtu relating to other dialects), the people of Mardan has their own dialect, Kohat people has their own dialect.

Now if we observe all these different dialects being spoken, one can get an idea that there is a difference among all these dialects. The difference is in vocabulary, pronunciations, usage of words and so many. Here in this very research project, we are going to analyze and explain the difference in dialect of Bannu people which is categorized as soft dialect compared to Peshawari Dialect which is categorized as hard dialect of Pashtu Language.

Literature Review

    As for as literature review is concerned, here we give reference to the works of other researchers who has explored the topic from different perspectives but not from the perspective which I am going to explore. As far as I have searched, no one has explored this area yet.

Research Question

• What are the vocabulary differences between Bannu dialect and Peshawar dialect?

Data Collection

The data is collected through Experimental Data Collection Technique. I belong to Bannu and I’m well aware of the words used. Beside that, I have analyzed and had a conversation with 5 or 6 persons belonging to Bannu and 5 or 6 persons belonging to Peshawar. I have made a daily conversation with them on daily basis maximum up to 10 minutes. Many words were there which were different from one another (vocabulary difference) but their meaning is same.

Data Analysis

Based on daily conversation, the words used by the people of the two dialects, i.e. dialect of Peshawar and dialect of Bannu, there is a huge difference in vocabulary of these two referring to same things. The meaning of the words is same but the people of Peshawar refer to the same object with different word and people of Bannu use different word. Some of the main and huge differences are given below in the table and for ease, their English meaning is also given. Further the table is explained below also:

Peshawar Dialect	Bannu Dialect	Meaning in English
1.Kha	Sha	Ok
2.Dalta Rasha	Dalay Rosha	Come here
3. Rotay	Mariye	Food
4. Kaina	Kashyna	Sit
5. Mashoom	Wayrka	Boy
6. Khpa	Pasha	Leg
7. Batingarh	Baingarh	Brinjal
8. Nwar	Miyeer	Sun
9. Worijay	Worizhy	Rice
10. Monga	Mixha	Us
11. Pass	Poss	Up
12. Barastan	Shirak	Blanket
13. Nokaan	Nikoon	Nails

These are the words along with their meaning in English which were used by the two different dialects. The 1^st word is Kha which is used by people of Peshawar and the word Sha is used by the people of Bannu. The meaning of both the words is same which is “OK/alright/fine” in English but a vocabulary difference is there in these dialects of Pushto.

The 2^nd word used by people of Peshawar is Dalta rasha while Dalay rosha is used by people of Bannu. Both the words are referring to the same meaning which is Come here in English.

The 3^rd word used by the people of Peshawar is Rotay. On the other hand, Mariye is used by the people of Bannu, the meaning of both the words is food.

The 4^th word is Kaina which is used by the people of Peshawar and Kashyna is used by the people of Bannu. Both of the words are used to refer the same action which is to Sit.

The 5^th word used by people of Peshawar is Mashoom on the other hand Wayrka is used by the people of Bannuboth of them refers the word Boy.

The 6^th word used by people of Peshawar is Khpa and Psha is used by the people of Bannu both of them referring to Leg.

The 7^th word is Batingarh used by people of Peshawar and Baingarh is used by the people of Bannuboth of them refers to the vegetable Brinjal.

The 8^th word used by people of Peshawar is Nwar and Miyeer is used by the people of Bannuboth of them referring to Sun.

The 9^th word is Worijay used by people of Peshawar and Worixhy is used by the people of Bannu both of them referring to the food, Rice.

The 10^th word use by people of Peshawar is Monga while Mixha is used by the people of Bannu referring to the word of same meaning, Us.

The 11^th word used by people of Peshawar is Pass while Poss is used by the people of Bannu referring to Up.

The 12^th word used by the people of Peshawar is Barastan while Shirak is used by the people of Bannu both of the words meaning is Blanket. The last word used by the people of Peshawar is Nokan while Nikoon is used by the people of Bannu both of the word meaning is Nails.

Although, there are similarities in between the two dialects. There are words which are same and are referring to same object. For example, Maiz is used by both the dialects referring to Table. Similarly the word Chhat also used by both the dialects referring to Roof.

Going deep in that discussion, we know that these words are borrowed from Urdu language to Pashtu language but that is a separate debate. Moreover the table explained above, there are other factors i.e age factor, education, high class and low class and many more factors which effect the way of pronouncing of these words. For example the word Mobile is pronounced the same as Mobile by the educated people while the uneducated will pronounce it as Mobail. But that is also a separate discussion.

Conclusion

In short every language is different from another and every language has different dialects. Every dialect is different from another dialect. Some of them are totally different or having huge differences and some of them have minimal differences. For example, the different dialects of Pashtu, i.e. the dialect of Mardan, the dialect of Nowshehra, the dialect of Charsadda, the dialect of Swabi have minimal changes while the dialects like the dialect of Peshawar in comparison to the dialect of Bannu have huge differences which is shown above and are explained.

References

        Book ofR.A Hudson Sociolinguistics

   It is experimental data. This very differences are based on experiment. No help is being taken from any cite.